COFTO-CLM: 10 años haciendo colegio / COFTO-CLM: 10 years of doing school

Han pasado 10 años desde la creación de COFTO-CLM y 20 desde que surgió ACAMTO, la asociación que precedió al Colegio. Este año se ha producido, por primera vez, la renovación de la Junta de Gobierno. Con nuevas ilusiones y ganas de aportar y en una región con mucha extensión geográfica, se nos plantean nuevos retos para trabajar por y para la Terapia Ocupacional y por y para los Colegiados de COFTO-CLM. Para tal fin y, según sus estatutos, COFTO-CLM asume en su ámbito territorial todas las competencias y funciones para la ordenación del ejercicio profesional de la Terapia Ocupacional y la garantía del ejercicio ético y de la calidad de la atención prestada. (AU)

It has been 10 years since the creation of COFTO-CLM and 20 years since ACAMTO, the association that preceded the College, was created. This year, for the first time, the renewal of the Governing Board has taken place. With new illusions and desire to contribute and in a region with a large geographical extension, we face new challenges to work by and for the Occupational Therapy and for all the COFTO-CLM members. To reach this goal and, according to its statutes, COFTO-CLM assumes in its territorial scope all the competences and functions for the regulation of the professional practice of Occupational Therapy and the guarantee of the ethical practice and the quality of the care provided. (AU)

Las funciones de la matrona en el mundo antiguo y medieval. Una mirada desde la Historia / Midwife's functions in ancient and medieval times: a view from History

Las profesiones experimentan transformaciones constantes a lo largo de los siglos, resultado de la evolución de la sociedad misma y de la actitud de sus profesionales. La profesión de matrona participa plenamente de estas afirmaciones, de ahí que la investigación y difusión de su historia nos permita comprender muchas de las circunstancias que han coadyuvado a conformar la profesión como hoy la conocemos y a tomar conciencia de que el destino de ella depende no sólo de las circunstancias externas a la profesión, sino muy especialmente del coraje y empuje de las propias matronas. En este artículo se señalan las funciones fundamentales que han sido una constante en el trabajo de la matrona hasta el siglo XV. Sirvan estas páginas que siguen para contribuir a difundir una de las más bellas historias jamás contada: la profesión de matrona. (AU)

Professions change constantly over the centuries as a result of the evolution of society itself and the attitude of its professionals, and midwifery fully confirms these assertions. Thus, the study and recounting of its history enables us to understand many of the circumstances that have come together to shape the profession as we know it today and to realize that its future depends not only on external circumstances, but particularly on the courage and determination of the midwives themselves. This article points out the major functions that have constituted the work of the midwife since the 15th century. The authors hope that the following pages help to make known one of the loveliest stories every told: that of midwifery. (AU)

Psicología Y Profesión En España. Los Primeros Años Del Colegio Oficial De Psicólogos / Psychology And Profession In Spain. The Early Years Of The Spanish Psychological Association

La creación del COP tuvo enorme trascendencia para el establecimiento de la Psicología y para dotarla de identidad. Desde la Ley de creación en 1980, esta organización de carácter semipúblico destinada a ordenar y representar la profesión no ha dejado de crecer, a pesar de graves problemáticas internas y externas. El COP ha pasado por diversas etapas, que reflejan y al tiempo ayudan a caracterizar la corta historia disciplinar de la psicología, sobre todo su definición, frente a otras profesiones. El artículo ofrece una amplia revisión legislativa y documental, sobre todo desde su revista portavoz, Papeles del Psicólogo. Analiza sus complicados primeros años, hasta 1993, bajo la dirección de Carlos Camarero y de Adolfo Hernández, marcados por la configuración interna de la Organización, una grave problemática profesional, y la lucha por conseguir la Licenciatura. (AU)

The creation of the Spanish Psychological Association (Spanish acronym, COP) was of enormous significance in the establishing of psychology in Spain, and in the creation of its identity. Since the publication of the 1980 Law of Creation [of the COP], this organization-aimed at regulating and representing the psychology profession-has not stopped growing, despite the serious internal and external issues it has had. The Spanish Psychological Association has gone through different stages over the past 40 years, which reflect and help us to characterize the short history of Spanish psychology, in particular the history of its delimitation with respect to other professions. This article presents an extensive legislative and documentary review, particularly based on its representative publication, Papeles del Psicólogo/Psychologist Papers. We analyze the complicated early years, up to 1993, under the direction of Carlos Camarero and Adolfo Hernández, a phase marked by the internal configuration of the organization, a serious challenge for the profession, and the fight to approve the master’s degree. (AU)

Historia, Dificultades Y Retos De La Federación Iberoamericana De Asociaciones De Psicología / History, Difficulties, And Challenges Of The Ibero-American Federation Of Psychology Associations

El objetivo del artículo es presentar y describir los principales elementos fundacionales, así como los eventos icónicos y misionales dela Federación Iberoamericana de Asociaciones de Psicología (FIAP). Se señalan las contribuciones, las tareas de la Federación y las dificultades para construir una psicología organizada que es vulnerable a las fragilidades y la diversidad de las realidades socioeconómicas y sociopolíticas de la región, para finalmente discutir su papel dentro de la organización y representación de la profesión psicológica, así como las insuficiencias, los retos y las tareas de la misma para continuar favoreciendo el posicionamiento y la internacionalización de la ciencia psicológica y la profesión de los países de lengua española y portuguesa. (AU)

The main aim of the article is to present and describe the main foundational elements, as well as the iconic events and mission, ofthe Ibero-American Federation of Psychology Associations (FIAP). The contributions and tasks of this organization are described, as well as the difficulties of building an organized psychology, vulnerable to the fragilities and diversities of the socio-economicand socio-political realities of the region. The final purpose is to discuss the role of the FIAP within the organization and representation of the psychology profession, as well as its shortcomings, challenges, and tasks, in order to continue to promote thepositioning and internationalization of the psychological science and profession in Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries. (AU)

CILIP's Health Libraries Group-Shane Godbolt, lifelong member and supporter.

This paper from CILIP's Health Libraries Group (HLG) committee is written by the previous International Officer who worked in partnership with Shane Godbolt. It outlines Shane's contribution to the Health Libraries Group over several decades and focuses on the collaborative work on international visits.

The international collaborations of Shane Godbolt: EAHIL, ICML and irish health science libraries.

This article summarises Shane Godbolt's international Collaborations. It includes her associations with the European Association of Health Information & Libraries (EAHIL), International Congress on Medical Librarianship (ICML) and the Irish Health Sciences Libraries (HSLG).

Strengthening health information librarianship in Africa through associations and partnerships: personal reflections in memory of Shane Godbolt.

This paper describes the significant roles Shane Godbolt played in promoting partnerships and collaborations and strengthening the Association for Health Information and Libraries in Africa (AHILA). It presents the personal reflections of each author about Shane, the part she played in their professional and personal lives as well as Shane's vital support for AHILA and AHILA members during her lifetime.

Relación entre la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia y la Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular / Relationship between the Royal National Academy of Pharmacy and the Spanish Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

La relación entre la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia y la Sociedad Española de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular ha sido, desde la fundación de la Sociedad, un claro exponente del compromiso mantenido entre un número elevado de personas al pertenecer simultáneamente a ambas, en algunos casos además desempeñando cargos de relevancia y responsabilidad. Como muestra se citan algunas de las personas más representativas. La relación entre ambas instituciones se ha visto recientemente reforzada y consolidada con la firma el 17 de noviembre de 2020 de un Convenio de Colaboración entre ambas. Este hecho debe estimular a investigadoras e investigadores jóvenes y de gran valía -ya miembros de las dos instituciones- a intervenir en las actividades promovidas por ambas. Estrechar lazos en iniciativas e intereses comunes será sin duda enormemente beneficioso para las dos instituciones

The relationship between the Royal National Academy of Pharmacy and the Spanish Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has been, since the foundation of the Society, a clear exponent of the commitment that is maintained among a large number of people for simultaneously belonging to both, in some cases also occupying positions of relevance and responsibility. Some of the most representative people are cited. This relationship has recently been strengthened and consolidated with the signing on November 17, 2020 of a Collaboration Agreement between both institutions. This fact should stimulate young and valuable researchers - and members of the two institutions - to participate in the activities promoted by both. Undoubtedly, closing ties in initiatives and common interests will be enormously beneficial for the two institutions

Incertitude diagnostique et action politique : une association de parents face aux politiques de l'autisme, 1982-2017.

The definition of diagnostic categories, such as autism, is not always consensual. It can be the cause of political struggles between various actors, including professionals, public administrations or patient associations. However, little is known about the situation of patient or parent associations in these "diagnostic politics." We assert here that these associations are more sensitive to the politics of definition than is suggested by the current historiography. Through an analysis of discourses and strategies of the Quebec Autism Society from 1982 to 2017, we document the role that this association intended to play in the politics of autism and we show how the adoption by the state of diagnostic-based policies intensify definitional debates in civil society, including among parents.

La définition de catégories diagnostiques comme l'autisme ne fait pas toujours l'unanimité. Elle peut faire l'objet de luttes politiques entre divers acteurs, notamment les professionnel.le.s, les administrations publiques ou les associations de patients. On en sait toutefois peu sur la situation des associations de patients ou de parents dans ces « politiques du diagnostic ¼. Nous affirmons ici que ces associations sont plus sensibles aux politiques de la définition que l'historiographie actuelle ne le laisse paraître. En analysant le discours et les stratégies de la Société québécoise de l'autisme de 1982 à 2017, nous illustrons le rôle que cette association entendait jouer dans les politiques de l'autisme et nous démontrons que l'adoption par l'État de politiques axées sur le diagnostic a eu pour effet d'intensifier les débats définitionnels chez divers acteurs, y compris les parents.

A dynastic elite in monumental Neolithic society.

The nature and distribution of political power in Europe during the Neolithic era remains poorly understood1. During this period, many societies began to invest heavily in building monuments, which suggests an increase in social organization. The scale and sophistication of megalithic architecture along the Atlantic seaboard, culminating in the great passage tomb complexes, is particularly impressive2. Although co-operative ideology has often been emphasised as a driver of megalith construction1, the human expenditure required to erect the largest monuments has led some researchers to emphasize hierarchy3-of which the most extreme case is a small elite marshalling the labour of the masses. Here we present evidence that a social stratum of this type was established during the Neolithic period in Ireland. We sampled 44 whole genomes, among which we identify the adult son of a first-degree incestuous union from remains that were discovered within the most elaborate recess of the Newgrange passage tomb. Socially sanctioned matings of this nature are very rare, and are documented almost exclusively among politico-religious elites4-specifically within polygynous and patrilineal royal families that are headed by god-kings5,6. We identify relatives of this individual within two other major complexes of passage tombs 150 km to the west of Newgrange, as well as dietary differences and fine-scale haplotypic structure (which is unprecedented in resolution for a prehistoric population) between passage tomb samples and the larger dataset, which together imply hierarchy. This elite emerged against a backdrop of rapid maritime colonization that displaced a unique Mesolithic isolate population, although we also detected rare Irish hunter-gatherer introgression within the Neolithic population.

Earth 2020: Science, society, and sustainability in the Anthropocene.

April 22, 2020, marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day and the birth of the modern environmental movement. As we look back over the past half century, we can gain significant insights into the evolving human imprint on Earth's biophysical systems, and the role of science and scientists in driving societal transitions toward greater sustainability. Science is a foundation for such transitions, but it is not enough. Rather, it is through wide collaborations across fields, including law, economics, and politics, and through direct engagement with civil society, that science can illuminate a better path forward. This is illustrated through a number of case studies highlighting the role of scientists in leading positive societal change, often in the face of strong oppositional forces. The past five decades reveal significant triumphs of environmental protection, but also notable failures, which have led to the continuing deterioration of Earth's natural systems. Today, more than ever, these historical lessons loom large as we face increasingly complex and pernicious environmental problems.

Reflections on the History of Nerve Repair - Sir Sydney Sunderland's Final Presentation to the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia.

Sir Sydney Sunderland (1910-1993) was an eminent physician and anatomist who identified the fascicular structure of nerves, and developed the eponymous 5-tiered classification of nerve injuries. Not long before his death, he presented a keynote address to the Annual Scientific Meeting of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Recently, the videotape of his presentation was discovered. In the presentation, Sir Sydney included discussion on the history of nerve repair, commencing with Herophilus and Galen, and progressing through the Middle Ages, including Leonardo of Bertapaglia, and he further noted the discoveries during the 1800s of the microscope, the axon, and nerve histology (including Remak, Schwann, Nissl, and Golgi), Waller's findings on nerve degeneration, and nerve injury (His, Cajal, Forsmann, and Harrison). Sir Sydney discussed nerve injuries sustained during World War I, with the deleterious effects of infection, and following the many nerve injuries sustained during World War II, he discussed his own discoveries of internal topography of nerve fascicles, and the anatomical substrate of nerve fascicles that limit surgery for nerve repair, nerve grafts, and the basic science of spinal cord repair. This paper presents a transcript of Sunderland's presentation and includes many of his original images used to illustrate this tour de force of nerve repair.

[Protocol of the Lucerne Section of Swiss Veterinary Association from 5th of June, 1837]. / Verhandlungs-Protokoll des Vereins der Luzerner Thierärzte und Section des schweizerisch thierärztlichen Vereinsangefangen mit 5ten Juni 1837.

INTRODUCTION: In autumn 2015, the book "Protocol of the Veterinary Association of the Canton of Lucerne" was found in the attic a farmhouse in Sempach. The book was missing until this time. It covers the Association activities from 1837-1871. The book origins from the estate of Dr. med. H. c. Peter Knüsel (1857-1954). The transcription of the German Kurrent allows an insight into the protocols and thus into veterinary medicine and health care of the mid-19th century. Besides the Association business, the written reports or oral scientific presentations provide (technical presentations) an interesting insight into the scientific veterinary knowledge of this time.

INTRODUCTION: En automne 2015, un ouvrage intitulé «Protocoles de la Société vétérinaire du canton de Lucerne¼ a été retrouvé dans un grenier à Sempach. Le livre était considéré jusqu'alors comme perdu. Il couvre les activités de la société de 1837 à 1871. Il provient de la succession du Dr. med. h. c. Peter Knüsel (1857-1954). Grâce à la transcription de l'écriture cursive allemande, ces protocoles fournissent un aperçu du secteur vétérinaire et de la santé du milieu du XIXe siècle. Outre les affaires internes de la société, les travaux réalisés par écrit ou oralement (conférences spécialisées) par les vétérinaires fournissent un aperçu intéressant des connaissances vétérinaires de l'époque.

50 years of the ETA: "the selenium connection".

The recent celebration of the 50 years of the ETA closely coincided with that of the 200 years since the discovery and description of selenium, an essential trace element for normal thyroid gland function and thus an adjuvant in the treatment of thyroid diseases. The aim of this commentary is to briefly outline the half centennial of the ETA while also signaling important moments in the history of selenium, developments in its availability round the world, details of its connection with thyroid function and, finally, its current and projected modes of application.